公共政策负排斥的形成过程——一个政策过程的解释框架

The Formation Process of Policy Negative Exclusion:A Policy Process Interpretative Framework

排斥性是公共政策的基本属性。公共政策排斥可分为正向排斥与负向排斥,如果排斥有利于促进、实现和维护社会公正,即为政策正排斥,政府和社会应积极推动;反之,即为政策负排斥,政府和社会应予治理与遏止。通过对户籍政策形成过程的研究发现,公共政策负排斥过程是政策主导者在政策过程中把本应享受政策益处的特定社会主体的利益和利益诉求排除出政策受益范围,使其遭受不公正待遇的政策安排过程。保障利益相关者对政策过程各环节的全程有效参与是遏止和治理政策负排斥的根本途径。

Repellency is a basic attribute of public policy.Public policy exclusion can be divided into positive and negative exclusion.If the exclusion is conducive to the promotion,realization and maintenance of social justice,that is the positive exclusion of the policy,the government and society should actively promote,on the contrary,that is the negative exclusion of the policy,the government and society should govern and curb it.The research on the formation process of hukou policy has indicated that public policy negative rejection process is which that policy makers exclude the interests and demands of specific group in the process of policy which will damage their benefit.To prevent and control the negative exclusion of the policy,we must ensure the effective participation of stakeholders in the whole process of the policy formation.