基于过程控制的公共政策评估理论与方法探索

An Exploration of the Theories and Methods of the Public Policy Evaluation Based on the Process Control Thinking

本文梳理了国内外公共政策评估的相关理论,在遵循评估基本准则的基础上,界定了公共政策过程控制的上控制线、下控制线及中心线等概念。在相关理论假设的基础上,引入了过程控制的思想,提出了在保证政策总目标实现的条件下允许公共政策实施过程在一定范围内的区间波动理论,以增强公共政策的协调性和适应性;提出了统筹公共政策事前、事中、事后等各阶段评估的理论,以增强公共政策评估过程的反馈机制和即时回应机制;提出了公共政策过程控制的思路和方法,以实现公共政策阶段目标调整和总目标协调一致;最后通过案例说明了我国公共政策过程评估的路径选择。笔者期待基于过程控制的公共政策评估的思路与方法,能够降低政策过程中的试错成本,为新时期我国出台公共政策提供理论参考。

This paper has reviewed the related theories of public policy evaluation at home and abroad.Based on the evaluation criteria of public policy,the paper has defined some concepts such as the upper control line,lower control line and central control line of public policy evaluation.On the basis of the related theoretical assumptions,to enhance the coordination and flexibility of public policy,it has introduced the theory of process control,and put forward a theory that policy objectives fluctuate in a certain range in the process of public policy implementation.Meanwhile,it has proposed variousstages of evaluation theory that integrated beforehand-inter and mediateafterward public policy,to establish the responsiveness and feedback mechanism of public policy process.This paper has also proposed the principle and method of process control in public policy process for the first time,to achieve the consistency of public policy stage goal and overall goal.Finally,it illustrates the selection path of public policy process evaluation in China through a real estate case.The author of this paper expects the idea and method of public policy evaluation based on process control,which can reduce the trial-anderror cost in the process of policy and provide theoretical reference for the introduction of public policy in the new period.