健康社会政策视域中的老年服务、长期照护和“医养结合”

Elderly Service,Long-term Care and “Combining Medical Service with Living Care”:From Health Social Policy Perspective

'医养结合'这一中国特色的概念,目前已经对中国的老年服务产生了重要的影响。但在实践中,医养结合既不能满足失能老人生活照料和康复护理的服务需要,也不利于在中国建立以社会保险为核心的筹资机制。本文从世界卫生组织倡导的'健康'概念入手,介绍了健康老龄化、积极老年化和老年人长期照护等具有国际共识性的基本理念,并通过归纳和总结长期照护制度的历史演进以及荷兰、德国和日本的长期照护服务和保险的经验,试图借他山之石,探索一条在中国可行的老年服务和长期照护之路。

'Combining Medical Service with Living Care',a concept with Chinese characteristics,has already had an important impact on China’s elderly service.However,in practice,it is not enough to meet the service needs of the living care and rehabilitation care for disabled elders,and it is also not conducive to establish a financing mechanism based on social insurance in China.This article sets about from the concept of'Health'advocating by World Health Organization,and introduces the basic ideas of the international consensus,as'Healthy Aging','Positive Aging','Elderly Long-term Care'and so on.By summing up the historical evolution of the long-term care system and the experience of Netherlands,Germany and Japan,it try to explore a feasible path of the elderly service and long-term care in China.