政策科学的范式转移:从经典政策科学到行为政策科学

The Paradigm Shift of Policy Science:From Classical Policy Science to Behavioral Policy Science

近年来,行为经济学在公共政策中得到了广泛应用。与此同时,公共政策的理论框架仍然建立在古典经济学的假设之上,难以应对层出不穷的新挑战。面对政策实践中越来越多的行为问题,公共政策学者亟须进行理论突破:提出一个行为政策科学框架并用以指导实践。本文进行了这样的尝试。在总结经典政策科学模型的基础上,本文根据行为经济学对人类认知行为特征的修正,建立了一个全新的行为政策科学框架。该框架强调了行为政策科学以问题为导向的典型特征。同时,文章基于行为经济学的政策风险,对其伦理争议进行简要探讨。

Behavioral economics has been widely applied in the field of public policy in recent years, whereas the study of public policy still has its theoretical grounds built on assumption of classical economics. With more and more behavioral problems in the making of public policy, there is an urgent need to make a theoretical breakthrough, i.e. to put forward a behavioral policy framework and use it to guide practice. This article attempts to do so. Drawing on human cognitive behavioral characteristics identified by behavioral economics, this article formulates a theoretical framework of behavioral policy science.This new paradigm modifies classical policy models, emphasizes the problem—oriented characteristics of behavioral policy science, and reveals ethical dilemmas of public policy making based on behavioral economics.