RNA干扰在破骨细胞分子调控应用的研究进展

Research progress of RNA interference in the molecular regulation of osteoclasts

骨质疏松症及其相关骨疾病由成骨细胞和破骨细胞比例失调造成的,导致骨折,致使平均寿命预期降低,迫切需要新的治疗方法。RNA干扰(RNA interference,RNAi)是一种序列特异性转录后基因沉默技术,可用于调控蛋白质的表达,目前被用作阐明疾病相关基因的工具。破骨细胞是一类由骨髓造血干细胞来源的多核巨细胞,其主要作用是介导骨组织的吸收。目前对破骨细胞生物学特性、分化调控机制以及相关通路的研究比较多,但是关于RNAi在破骨细胞分子调控方面的研究尚缺乏。本文就RNAi在破骨细胞分子调控应用方面的研究作相关综述分析,介绍RNAi技术敲除过度骨吸收的多种分子靶标,为科研使用RNAi对破骨细胞的研究提供参考,以期更好地发展靶向的治疗策略。

Osteoporosis and related bone diseases are caused by the imbalance of osteoblasts and osteoclasts,Resultsing in fractures and lower life expectancy,and therefore new treatments are urgently needed.RNA interference(RNAi)is a sequence-specific post-transcriptional gene silencing technique that can be used to regulate protein expression and is currently used as a tool to elucidate disease-related genes.Osteoclasts are a group of multinucleated giant cells derived from bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells.Their main function is to mediate bone tissue uptake.At present,there are many studies on the biological characteristics of osteoclasts,differentiation and regulation mechanisms,and related pathways.However,studies on the molecular regulation of osteoclasts by RNAi are still lacking.In this paper,the research on the application of RNAi in molecular regulation of osteoclasts is reviewed,and the various molecular targets of RNAi technique knockout for excessive bone absorption are introduced.It provides reference for the study of osteoclasts by using RNAi in order to better develop targeted treatment strategies.