药用植物分子遗传学研究

Molecular genetics research of medicinal plants

随着现代生物技术的发展,药用植物分子遗传学研究逐步成为学术界的热点。该文首次提出了药用植物分子遗传学的研究体系,从遗传资源、基因组、基因功能和研究方法方面阐述了药用植物分子遗传学体系的基础;探讨了药用植物品种鉴定、分子育种以及生物合成方面的主要应用范围;指出药用植物分子遗传学的主要研究方向,重点推进千种草药基因组计划,建立以药用模式物种及突变体库为主体的功能基因研究平台,构建药用植物活性成分异源合成体系基因原件库及专一底盘细胞,通过分子育种培育高有效成分高抗性的药用植物新品种等。

With the development of various biotechnology,the research on molecular genetics of medicinal plants has gradually deepened.In this paper,the research system of molecular genetics of medicinal plants was proposed for the first time,which was elaborated from the aspects of genetic resources,genome,gene function and research methods.The application fields of medicinal plant mainly contain species identification,molecular breeding and biosynthesis.The research directions of molecular genetics of medicinal plants in genetic resources,model platform,synthetic biology and molecular breeding were put forward,which include 1 000 genome projects of medicinal plants,model species and mutant libraries,gene original libraries of heterologous synthetic systems,construction gene original library and specific chassis cells in heterologous synthesis system of active ingredient,breeding of new varieties of medicinal plants with high active ingredient and high resistance based on molecular markers andtransgenes.