穿心莲农艺性状及其与二萜内酯成分相关性研究

Correlation analysis of main agronomic traits and contents of diterpene lactones of Andrographis paniculata

为研究穿心莲农艺性状及其与二萜内酯成分之间的相关性,该试验以太空飞船搭载的穿心莲种子和陆地种子为材料,测量10个主要农艺性状及4种穿心莲二萜内酯含量,进行多重比较、相关性分析及主成分分析。研究表明穿心莲经太空搭载后各农艺性状均出现不同程度的差异,其中去氧穿心莲内酯含量、鲜重、叶干重、脱水穿心莲内酯含量、干重、新穿心莲内酯含量、穿心莲内酯含量的变异系数较大,均在35%以上。多个性状之间存在显著的相关性,其中叶重比与一级分蘖数、叶干重、干重呈极显著正相关,与去氧穿心莲内酯含量呈极显著负相关;穿心莲内酯含量与叶片数及一级分蘖数呈显著负相关,与其他3种内酯均呈正相关。从主成分分析中提取出5个主成分,累计贡献率为83. 127%,分别为产量因子、株型因子、叶型因子、成分因子和种子重量因子,其中在影响穿心莲质量的性状中,产量因子对穿心莲性状选择的可靠性要高于其他因子。太空搭载的穿心莲各性状间存在丰富的变异,增加了穿心莲的遗传多样性,利用主成分分析方法可以按照育种要求对各主成分因子进行单独选择,为高产优质穿心莲新品种的选育和实现穿心莲的丰产稳产栽培提供了理论依据。

In order to study the correlation between the traits of Andrographis paniculata.The main agronomic traits and the content of four kinds of diterpene lactons were measured by the seedlings and the unmutagenized seeds carried by the spacecraft,and multiple comparisons,correlations and principal component analysis were carried out.The results showed that the agronomic traits of A.paniculata have different degrees of difference after being carried by space.The contents of diterpene lactones were quite different.The variation coefficients of deoxyandrographolide content,fresh weight,leaf dry weight,dehydrated andrographolide content,dry weight,neoandrographolide content and andrographolide content were all over 35%.There was a significant correlation between multiple traits,and the leaf weight ratio was significantly positively correlated with the number of primary tillers,leaf dry weight and dry weight,and was significantly negatively correlated with the content of deoxyandrographolide.Andrographolide content was a significantly negatively correlated with the number of leaves and the number of primary tillers,and positively correlated with the other three lactones.Five principal components were extracted from principal component analysis,and the cumulative contribution rate was 83.127%,which were yield factor,plant type factor,leaf type factor,component factor and seed weight factor.Among the traits affecting the quality of A.paniculata,the yield factor for reliability of the selection of A.paniculata is higher than other factors.There are abundant variations among the traits of A.paniculata,carried in space which increase the genetic diversity.The principal component analysis method can be used to select the principal component factors according to the breeding requirements,which provides a theoretical basis for the breeding of high-yield and high-quality A.paniculata and the high-yield and stable cultivation of A.paniculata.