论元杂剧四大活动中心的形成与金元汉人世侯之关系

Relationship between the Formation of the Four Major Centers of Yuan Zaju and the Han Marquis in the Jin and Yuan Dynasties

元杂剧四大活动中心的形成,是蒙元时期元杂剧兴盛发达的重要标志。金元之际,古代戏曲在北方赖以生存的社会条件被战火毁灭殆尽,然而在金元汉人世侯所控制的平阳、真定、东平等地,却奇迹般地孕育出元杂剧这一光辉艺术,并流传到大都而走向了兴盛发达。元杂剧四大活动中心形成的原因是多方面的,金元汉人世侯对其世袭领地的统治,使社会相对安定繁荣,中原文化也得到相应保护和发展,无疑是一个重要原因。学术界不可忽视金元汉人世侯对元杂剧兴盛发达所作出的历史贡献。

The formation of the four major centers of the Yuan zaju is an important mark of the opera's flourishing in the Mengyuan period. During the Jin and Yuan dynasties, the social conditions upon which ancient operas reply for existence are nearly all destroyed by warfare, yet in areas under the control of the Han aristocrats of the Jin and Yuan, zaju., a brilliant genre, miraculously bursts into existence, and spreads to Dadu where its heyday is reached. There are multiple reasons for the formation of the four major centers of the Yuan zaju, but undoubtedly one of them is the rule of the domain inherited from ancestry by the Han marquis of the Jin and Yuan dynasties, the comparative stability and prosperity of its society, and the corresponding protection and development of the culture of the Central Plains. The academia should not turn a blind eye to the historical contributions these Han aristocrats make to the flourishing of the Yuan zaju.