论《天问》独特的立体结构与抒情方式

On the Unique Stereoscopic Structure and Lyrical Way of Expression of Challenge the Heaven

在《天问》错简难题的背后,存在着怎样理解其内在结构和抒情方式的问题,对这个问题的探讨已不仅属于艺术范围,它直接影响着对文本的正确理解和阐释。笔者发现,《天问》并非如以前学者所理解为的线性叙事结构,而是二元对立转化的立体结构。在这个结构中,两两对立的双方相互结合、相互转化、你中有我、我中有你,有如太极图的黑白转化、黑中有白、白中有黑。全部架构贯穿着一个精神——对宇宙万物根本规律不懈的追寻探索。《天问》不是叙事诗,它的主旨是抒情,可以说是一篇特殊的抒情诗。渐强、高潮、重复、错位,再加上问题和爆发,这就是《天问》独特的抒情方式与情感逻辑。

The probe into how the internal structure and lyrical way of expression underlying behind the complicated issue concerning the disordered bamboo slips of Challenge the Heaven are to be comprehended goes beyond the mere range of art, and directly influences the correct understanding and interpretation of its text. The author finds that the narrative structure of the poem is not a linear one, but a stereoscopic one in which two elements confront and transform each other, namely, the two opposing elements now integrate, now transform; you exist in me, I exist in you, like the transformation between black and white in the Taiji Diagram-white in black, and black in white. Run through the entire structure is a spirit-the unremitting searching for the fundamental law of all things in the u-niverse. Challenge the Heaven is not a narrative poem; its gist is lyric, and may well be taken as an unusual lyrical poem. Fade - in, climax, repetition, dislocation, added by problems and their outbreak, such are the unique way of lyrical expression and logic of feeling of the poem.