同质化危机与传统艺术的再生成

Crisis of Homogenization and Re - birth of Traditional Arts

“全球化”作为一种文化发展趋势而言,最根本的特点就是全世界不同文化发展中的趋同,即向具有普适性的方向发展——从普适性价值观念的形成到生活方式、审美趣味等各方面文化特征的可交流性和相似性越来越突出。当代的大众审美文化活动和具有精英文化性质的现代主义艺术都不例外地产生了这种同质化趋势。同质化是自启蒙主义以来文化的交流、技术的发展带来的普遍性理想的特征,是一种进化论的文化观念。然而随着现代文化的发展,这种一元性的文化发展趋势正在产生危机。由大众文化和现代主义造成的同质化趋势使艺术正在走向单调和枯涸的终结之路。当今的艺术发展面临的问题是,怎样从进化论式的所谓“现代性”艺术思维和艺术活动造成的同质化中解脱出来,走向更富于生气的多元化发展。从这种危机中解脱出来的出路不在于简单地复兴古典艺术,而在于从多元性的传统文化过程中重新寻找和生成新的艺术精神,给当代艺术的发展赋予个性差异和多元性,因而成为与同质化趋势相抗衡的力量。

As a trend of cultural development, the most fundamental characteristic of globalization is the homogenization of different cultures across the world, namely, all cultures are going in a universalizable direction- the formation of universalizable values, the interchangeability and similarity between life styles, aesthetic tastes, and all other cultural features are becoming more and more striking. The tendency towards homogenization is found in both the popular aesthetic cultural activities of today and the modernistic arus with elitist traits. Homogenization is a characteristic of universal ideal brought about by the cultural exchanges and technical developments ever since the Enlightenment; it is an evolutionary cultural concept. However, with the development of modern culture, such a monistic trend of cultural development is producing a crisis. The tendency towards homogenization resulted from pop culture and modernism is leading art to a monotonous and dried - up end. Today s development of art is facing a problem of how to free itself from homogenization caused by the so - called evolutionary - sort of 'modernistic' artistic thinking and activities, and develop towards the more vigorous multiplicity. Freeing from such a crisis does not simply mean a renaissance of classical arts, but rather a rediscovery and establishment of a new artistic spirit from the course of multicultural tradition; to endow the development of modern art with individual differences and multiplicity , thereby becoming a force which can be expected to balance off the trend of homogenization.