现代汉语完句的语用解析

Pragmatics Interpretation and Analysis of Complete Sentences in Modern Chinese Language

现代汉语完句成分是依附于由实词构成的句干、使静态句干实现为动态句子所具有的句级功能性成分。在语用上,汉语句子层级性构造的外围是语境,它是必不可少的“完句背景”;语气的完句作用也不可或缺,各类句调的完句作用强弱可以排列为:祈使>感叹>疑问>陈述,和言语行为的类型密切相关。

Components of a complete sentence in modern Chinese language are those clinging to the body of a sentence which comprises notional words, and those which have sentence function in converting the static to the dynamic. In pragmatics, context, the indispensable 'background of a complete sentence,' makes the periphery of the layer structure of a Chinese sentence. Mood is also a must in making a sentence complete. Functions of different -toned sentences can be ranked as follows (from emphatic to mild) : imperative-exclamation-interrogative-statement, all closely related to patterns in verbal actions.