妇科手术后深静脉血栓形成的分析及围手术期护理

The Analysis and Perioperative Nursing of Postoperative Deep Venous Thrombosis in Gynecological Operation

目的探讨妇科手术后深静脉血栓(DVT)形成的病因、高危因素、诊断、治疗及预防措施。从护理的角度探讨如何通过系统的护理评估,有指导性地实施围手术期护理,达到以预防为主的目的。方法回顾性分析29例妇科手术后DVT形成患者的临床资料。结果 DVT的形成是多种因素综合作用的结果,年龄、既往有血栓病史或静脉曲张、肥胖、原发病多为盆腔恶性肿瘤、手术创伤、感染、输血及止血剂的应用、围手术期活动减少等都是高危因素。结论通过全面认识妇科手术后DVT形成的高危因素,围手术期应该有针对性地制定护理措施,重评估和预防。术前充分的评估和指导以及术后采取积极的措施在预防DVT形成方面有着重要意义。

Objective To approach the pathogeny,high-risk factors,diagnosis,treatment and prophylaxis of postoperative deep venous thrombosis(DVT) in gynecological operation patients.And to disscuse how to implement perioperative nursing intervention by using systemic assessment from nursing perspective.Methods The profiles of 29 cases with postoperative DVT in gynecological abdominal operation were analyzed retrospectively.Results The formation of DVT is a synthetic action of many factors.The aged,thrombosis history or varicosity,obesity,original pelvic malignant tumors,the injury during operation,inflammation,blood transfusion,using of hemostatic,hypoactivity should be considered as high-risk factors.Conclusion Assessment and prophylaxis should be emphasized in implementing perioperative nursing intervention.The adequate preoperative assessment,instruction and postoperative prophylaxis are very significant in DVT prevention.