美国临床护理专家角色和标准

The role and standards of the clinical nurse specialist

从以下几个方面论述了美国临床护理专家角色的发展:为什么需要发展临床护理专家,临床护理专家角色的内容,如何教育培养临床护理专家,哪些领域需要临床护理专家及如何在临床发挥其作用。另外,还介绍了美国临床护理专家的考核、认证和评估方法。临床护理专家角色和标准的发展与护士职业的基本内容保持一致,与行为规范和执业准则一致,利用统一标准考试来考核护士对高级专科护理原则的理解和运用。

This article addresses the development of the role of Clinical Nurse Specialist, in the United States of America, in respect to: why the role of clinical nurse specialist was developed, what the role of clinical nurse specialist entails, how the clinical nurse specialist is educated, where the clinical nurse specialist is utilized and how the role of clinical nurse specialist has evolved. In addition, standards of the role are addressed in regards to specialization, examination, certification and credentialing of the clinical nurse specialist. Emphasis is placed on the facts that the development of the role and standards of the clinical nurse specialist have been dependent upon incorporation of basic components of nursing practice, in accord with Scope of Practice and Standards of Care, as well as the use of standardized examinations to document nurses understanding and application of nursing principles at an advanced level of clinical specialization.