探讨不良饮食习惯在儿童生长发育中的危害

To Explore the Harm of Unhealthy Eating Habits in Children's Growth and Development

目的分析不良饮食习惯对儿童成长发育的危害,并就如何养成良好的饮食习惯展开探讨。方法选择2014年10月至2016年1月本院儿童保健科收集具有饮食行为问题的2880名儿童为研究对象。向儿童家长发放饮食习惯调查表,回收后做针对性分析,总结导致儿童不良饮食习惯的原因,并就其危害展开探讨。结果 2880例患儿均存在一定的不良饮食习惯,其中1320例表现偏食、1408例进食不专注、583例不按时进餐、406例以零食代替正餐。另外,大部分儿童同时存在两个或两个以上表现。经统计分析得出,儿童不良饮食习惯的影响因素包括家庭环境、育儿方式、家长期望三大方面。在2880例儿童中,低体重155例、生长迟缓178例、消瘦182例、超重233例,育儿方式对各种类型的儿童生长发育异常造成的影响相对家庭环境和父母期望均占较大比重。调查中还发现,76%的儿童家长表示孩子经常生病。结论不良的饮食行为习惯与生长发育密切相关。因此,培养科学的饮食习惯,增加活动量,构建良好的饮食环境是改善儿童不良饮食习惯的重要措施。

Objective To analyze the harmful effects of unhealthy eating habits on children's growth and development, and discuss how to develop good eating habits. Methods From October 2014 to January 2016, 2880 children with dietary behavior problems were selected as the research objects in the Department of child health. The questionnaire of dietary habits was given to the parents of children, and the targeted analysis was carried out after recovery. The causes of unhealthy eating habits were summarized, and the harm was discussed. Results 2880 cases of children had some bad eating habits, of which 1320 cases showed partial eclipse, 1408 cases didn't focus on eating, 583 cases didn't eat on time, and 406 cases took snacks instead of dinner. In addition, most children have two or more than two manifestations. Through statistical analysis, the influencing factors of children's bad eating habits include three aspects: family environment, parenting style and parents' expectation. Among 2880 children, there were 155 cases of low weight,178 cases of growth retardation, 182 cases of weight loss, and 233 cases of overweight, the influence of parenting style on the growth and development of children of different types is relatively larger than that of family environment and parental expectation. The survey also found that 76% of parents said their children were often ill. Conclusion Bad eating habits may lead to malnutrition, overweight,hypoglycemia, indigestion, to increase the amount of activity, and to build a good eating environment.