脑电图在儿童ADHD临床运用中的研究及α节律频率分析

Clinical Application of EEG in Children with ADHD and Analysis of α Rhythm Frequency

目的探讨脑电图在ADHD儿童中的运用价值及α节律频率分析。方法收集2018年3月到2019年1月我院60例ADHD患儿,定义为研究组。同时选择我院健康体检儿童作为对照组。分析研究组和对照组脑电图异常率;研究组和对照组清醒时脑电图α节律频率;不同年龄范围ADHD患儿脑电图α节律频率。结果60例研究组患儿中有51例患儿出现脑电图异常,主要表现为θ波增多、δ波增多,低幅β波增多;额区中-高波幅尖波、额区、中央区尖慢、棘慢综合波。60例对照组儿童中有8例患儿出现脑电图异常,表现为慢波增多,额区尖波。研究组和对照组脑电图异常率分别为85.0%(51/60)、13.33%(8/60),差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);5-10岁ADHD患儿脑电图α节律平均频率及平均波幅明显低于11～15岁ADHD患儿,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在排除性别、年龄等因素下,ADHD儿童与正常儿童的脑电图存在着本质的差别,可作为辅助诊断用于该病的诊断。

Objective To explore the value of EEG in children with ADHD and the analysis of alpha-rhythm frequency.Methods 60 children with ADHD in our hospital from March 2018 to January 2019 were collected and defined as the study group.At the same time,healthy children in our hospital were selected as the control group.The abnormal rate of EEG in study group and control group,the alpha rhythm frequency of EEG in awake group and control group,and the alpha rhythm frequency of EEG in children with ADHD in different age range were analyzed.Results Among the 60 children in the study group,51 had abnormal electroencephalogram(EEG).The main manifestations were the increase of theta wave,delta wave and low amplitude beta wave,and the sharp,slow and spiky complex waves in frontal region,frontal region and central region.Eight of the 60 children in the control group had abnormal EEG,which showed increased slow waves and sharp waves in the frontal region.The abnormal rate of EEG in study group and control group was 85.0%(51/60)and 13.33%(8/60),respectively,with significant difference(P<0.05);the average frequency and amplitude of alpha rhythm of EEG in ADHD children aged 5-10 years were significantly lower than those in ADHD children aged 11-15 years(P<0.05).Conclusion There are essential differences in EEG between ADHD children and normal children,excluding gender and age,which can be used as an auxiliary diagnosis for the diagnosis of ADHD.