小儿肺炎支原体感染的临床特点及其危险因素探讨

Clinical Characteristics and Risk Factors of Mycoplasma Pneumoniae Infection in Children

目的归纳小儿肺炎支原体感染的典型临床特点以及存在的高危风险因素。方法取本院儿科确诊为肺炎支原体感染小儿患儿为分析对象,在此类群体中随机抽取100例并设为观察组,另取本院同期收治的普通肺炎患儿群体100例并将其设为对照组。通过两组相关临床数据比较以归纳小儿肺炎支原体感染的临床特点以及危险因素。结果在观察组患儿中,发病率最高为肺炎,然后是支气管炎,患儿一般存在高热且时间持续在1~7 d,存在阵发性咳嗽、X线检查后提示存在大片状阴影。观察组与对照组患儿间,年龄、发病季节、流行病接触史、低补体状态、抗生素使用时间、居住环境等指标均有明显差异(P<0.05)。结论小儿肺炎支原体感染好发于秋冬季,患儿常见有阵发性连声咳嗽、高热等症状,有流行病接触史,对于存在相关高危因素的患儿应该保持足够的谨慎并及时诊断治疗,保障患儿的身体健康和发育。

Objective To summarize the typical clinical features of the infection of mycoplasma pneumoniae in children and the risk factors of high risk.Methods Pediatrics in our hospital were enrolled in the study.Children diagnosed with mycoplasma pneumoniae were included in the analysis.One hundred patients were randomly selected from this group and set as observation group.One hundred children with pneumonia were included as a control group.The clinical characteristics and risk factors of mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children were summarized by comparing the clinical data of the two groups.Results Among the children in the observation group,the highest incidence was bronchial pneumonia,followed by bronchitis.The child usually had high fever and the duration lasted for 1-7 days.There was paroxysmal cough and X-ray examination showed small spots.Blurred shadows.There were significant differences in age,onset season,fluid contact history,low complement status,antibiotic use time,and living environment among the observation group and the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection in children is common in autumn.Children often have paroxysmal cough,high fever and other symptoms.There is a history of epidemiological exposure.Children with relevant high risk factors should be cautious and timely diagnosed and treated.The health and development of the child.