上海市社区老年居民牙列缺损的治疗及问题现状

An investigation on tooth loss, treatment and problems among elderly people in Shanghai city

目的:了解上海市社区老年居民牙列缺损的现状、治疗及相关的医疗服务问题,为制定相应的政策措施提供研究依据,旨在进一步提高当前的口腔医疗服务水平。方法:采用现况调查的方法,于2018年7月在上海市黄浦、静安、杨浦3个区共随机抽取120名社区老年居民开展调查。结果:共完成调查102人,其中男性40人,女性62人。年龄60～64岁、65～69岁、70～74岁、75岁及以上的分别占49. 0%、33. 3%、11. 8%、5. 9%。有87. 2%的调查对象存在牙列缺损,牙列缺损1～3颗、4～6颗、7～9颗以及10颗及以上分别占29. 4%、24. 5%、14. 7%和18. 6%;牙列缺损数量随着年龄的增加而增加(P<0. 01);牙列缺损患者的修复治疗率为61. 8%,治疗的方式以固定桥修复(30. 3%)和可摘局部义齿修复(29. 2%)为主,选择种植牙治疗的比例仅为2. 3%;占38. 2%的牙列缺损患者未进行修复治疗;调查对象认为当前口腔医疗服务的主要问题在医疗费用及医保使用(39. 8%)、服务便利性(21. 7%)、特殊人群关爱(21. 7%)等方面。结论:上海市社区老年居民牙列缺损患病率高、修复治疗率低,应进一步完善相关政策措施并提高口腔医疗服务水平,提升社区老年居民的健康和生活质量。

Objective: To understand the current situation of tooth loss, treatment and associated problems in elderly residents of Shanghai communities. Methods: A total of 120 elderly community residents were randomly selected from 3 districts of huangpu, jing’an and yangpu in Shanghai in July 2018 to carry out the survey by using the method of current situation survey. Result: In all, 102 subjects(85.0%) completed the investigation. Participants with the age of 60 to 64 years, 65 to 69 years, 70 to 74 years, 75 years and above account for 49.0%, 33.3%, 11.8% and 5.9%, respectively. Eightyseven points two percent of participants were with tooth lost. The number of tooth loss within 1 ~3, 4~6,7~9, 10~28 account for 29.4%, 24.5%, 14.7% and 18.6%, respectively. Sixty-one points eight percent of participants with tooth lost went to dental clinic for treatment. Fixed porcelain teeth(30.3%) and movable dentures(29.2%) were the main choices for them.Only 2.3% of participants with tooth lost chose dental implant treatment. About one third of subjects with tooth lost did not receive restoration treatment. The main problems existing in dental medical service at present were the' high cost of medical treatment'and'unable to use medical insurance for payment'(39.8%), 'inconvenience of treatment'(21.7%),'lack of love and care for old patients'(21.7%) and so on. Conclusion: The prevalence of dentition defect is high while the treatment rate is low among elderly residents in Shanghai. It’s necessary to improve the health condition and quality of life of elderly residents by developing relevant policies and measures.