自体牙骨移植物临床应用进展

Research on the clinical applicaton of autogenous tooth bone graft materials

骨移植物或骨替代材料必须具备以下特点之一:骨形成性,骨诱导性及骨引导性。自体牙骨移植物在发育源性上与颌骨相同,同时牙体组织含有的生长因子和骨形成蛋白等对于促进骨组织再生具有非常重要的作用,研究表明具有较少的免疫反应和感染率,有良好的阻射能力,和骨诱导重建能力好等优点,为临床上骨再生提供一种新的资源。随着医学的发展,拔除的牙齿也可作为骨材料植入到骨缺损区,自体牙骨材料在临床上可用于引导性组织再生术,拔牙创位点保存,种植区牙槽嵴骨增量,上颌窦提升术骨增量,颌骨内肿瘤切除术后,囊肿肿瘤切除术后等骨重建。近年来已是骨移植新型材料的研究热点。本文将对自体牙骨移植物的应用机制,特性,制作方法及临床应用进行探讨。

A bone graft and bone graft substitute materials should have at least one of the following characteristics:osteogenic,osteoinductive and/or osteoconductive.Autogenous tooth bone grafts have the same developmental origin as maxillary bone,and the growth factors and bone morphogenetic proteins contained in dental tissue play an important role in promoting the regeneration of bone tissue.As a new bone graft material with less immune response and the infection rate,great radiopacity and bone remodeling capabilities,tooth-derived bone graft material has been becoming a practical substitute to bone grafting.With the development of medicine,the extracted teeth can also be used as bone material implanted into the bone defect area.It can be used for guided tissue regeneration,tooth socket preservation,ridge augmentation,sinus bone graft and grafts in tumor resections,cyst enucleation,etc.In recent years,the study of new bone graft materials has become a hot spot.This article will discuss the application mechanism,characteristics,preparation method and clinical application of autogenous tooth bone graft.