陕西农村育俗文化管窥

A Research on the Culture of Fertility Customs in Rural Areas in Shanxi Province

生育是人类永恒的话题,更是女性独特的生命活动。正是由于生育的存在,生命才得以延续,血缘、亲情关系才得以连接,种族才能世代繁衍。长期以来,女性在生育实践中,以亲身体验,总结出许多生育经验和生育禁忌。这些习俗从不同程度折射出民众对生命、种族繁衍、生命价值的认识。以口述史的方法在陕西省农村获取的生育习俗主要包括:急切的求子习俗;艰难的孕育习俗;揪心的产子习俗;烦琐的坐月子习俗;喜庆的贺生庆典习俗;慎重的婴儿保育习俗。

Fertility is a perpetual theme for human beings as well as a physiologic activity for women.Because of fertility,the life of social individuals is able to continue,and kinship as well as family relationship are able to exist,then,races to multiple.For a long time,women have summed up lots of experiences and taboos of childbirth in the“birth”practice.These customs reflect the public’s awareness of life,race reproduction and the value of life from different aspects.The fertility customs generated with the oral history method are as fol-lows:the customs of urgent praying for children,of the suffering pregnancy,of the childbirth,of the confine-ment in childbirth,of the birthday celebration and baby care.