民间的凋敝与隐匿——以《丰乳肥臀》中的“女儿们”为中心

The Desolation and Concealment in the Folk Society:Based on the Women in the Novel Big Breasts and Wide Hips by Mo Yan

莫言的小说《丰乳肥臀》以家族史的写作方式转喻民族历史,众多人物的命运轨迹交错出20世纪的中国史。小说中的女性们,尤其是上官家的女儿们,因其生物学上的"血缘混杂性"而获得特殊的象征意义,成为代表包括破产农民、兵丁、流民,以及西方启蒙资源等整个民间社会的象喻,在叙事结构与表意功能上补充着核心主人公母亲上官鲁氏,丰富了小说叙事结构的调性。因此,她们的选择、结局、命运走向,尤其是她们在20世纪中国史里与各种现代性元素的关系,整体上暗示了民间社会的遭遇。

The novel Big Breasts and Wide Hips written by Mo Yan compares a family history to the Chinese national history which is a history of the twentieth century in China with different fates of people.The women in the family surnamed Shangguan are full of symbolic meaning because of their biological kinship.The eight daughters in this family are of different attributes consanguinity,including representatives of the bottom,sol-diers,displaced persons,and even the enlightenment resources in the West,which ultimately form a folk so-ciety in the Chinese history of the 20th Century.Therefore,the fates of the eight daughters and the outcomes of their choices symbolize the fate of the folk society Chinese history in the twentieth century in the narrative way of cultural metaphors.It means that the daughters’fates and their tragedies reflect the fates of the com-mon people in the history of the 20th Century (especially in the history of enlightenment and revolution)and conceal that depression and desolation of the folk society.