热消融术在甲状腺结节微创治疗中的应用进展

Progress of thermal ablation in minimally invasive treatment on thyroid nodules

目的探讨热消融技术在治疗甲状腺结节中的特点,为临床上选择合适的消融方案提供参考。方法结合文献分析微波、射频、激光等热消融术的原理,回顾近年来相关技术的临床应用情况,明确各方式的优缺点。结果虽然众多研究证实热消融在治疗某些甲状腺结节中疗效肯定,但随着临床应用增多其并发症也逐渐被重视,在治疗甲状腺恶性肿瘤及其转移的淋巴结方面尚有其局限性。结论各种热消融术各有其优势和不足,故在选择热消融治疗时必须严格掌握其适应证。

Objective To discuss the characteristics of thermal ablation technique in the treatment of thyroid nodule and provide references for choosing an appropriate ablation scheme. Methods We reviewed literatures and analyzed the principle of microwave ablation, radiofrequency ablation and laser ablation to review the recent clinical application of related technologies, clarifying their advantages and disadvantages. Results Although many studies have confirmed the effect of thermal ablation in the treatment of certain malignant thyroid tumors and the metastatic lymph nodes, its complications were gradually valued because of the increased clinical application. Conclusion Different thermal ablation techniques have different advantages and disadvantages, with proper indications taken into consideration.