Toll样受体在成体海马神经发生中调控作用的研究进展

Advances in the research of the role of toll-like receptors in the process of hippocampus neurogenesis

神经发生即机体产生新的神经细胞的过程,成体海马神经发生与正常和疾病状态下海马功能的维持具有十分重要的作用,哺乳动物终生存在海马神经发生,在发生阿尔茨海默病、抑郁症、精神分裂症、术后认知功能障碍等疾病时海马神经发生亦出现异常,提示成体海马神经发生在这些疾病发生发展过程中发挥着重要作用。多种因素调控神经发生的过程,Toll样受体(TLR)家族在维持机体固有免疫及抵御病原菌的炎症反应过程中及维持免疫过程对机体保护及损害的平衡中具有重要作用,同时在海马神经发生过程中也具有重要的调控作用,其中TLR2、TLR4、TLR3与TLR9几种受体在正常或病理状态下海马神经发生过程中具有重要作用。TLR参与了认知功能及情绪记忆损害的疾病的病理生理过程,了解TLR在海马神经发生过程中的作用对于防治认知功能及情绪记忆损害类疾病具有重要意义。本文就TLR在海马神经发生中的作用作一综述。

Neurogenesis is the process of generating new neurons in the brain. Adult hippocampus neurogenesis is very important in maintaining the function of hippocampus. It affects multiple cognitive and functional processes in both health and diseases such as Alzheimer' s Disease,Depression,? Schizophrenia and Postoperative cognitive dysfunction. Toll-like Receptor( TLR) family ensures prompt response towards pathogens,protecting the host against infections,and guarantees a realistic balance between protective and detrimental activities. Hippocampus neurogenesis exist in mammals during their lifetime. Multiple factors regulate the process of neurogenesis and Toll-like receptors play an important role during the process. TLR2,TLR4,TLR3 and TLR9 are the potential regulators of adult hippocampus neurogenesis under normal or pathological conditions. As TLR are involved in cognitive and emotional disorders, understanding the involvement of TLR in neurogenesis may hold keys for future therapeutic interventions. ? In this review the role of Toll-like receptors in the hippocampal neurogenesis is discussed.