瘢痕的预防与治疗进展

Progress of prevention and treatment of scars

瘢痕是手术和外伤不可避免的结局,有多少手术外伤的患者就会有多少瘢痕的患者。预防和治疗瘢痕是一项复杂的、综合性的工程。在早期,应关注手术切口的设计以及标准的缝合方案;在伤口愈合的过程中可以尝试使用硅凝胶制品、局部激素注射以及减轻切口周围张力等方案来预防瘢痕的增生;在病理性瘢痕形成后可尝试局部治疗、注射治疗、物理疗法、手术治疗、局部脂肪移植等单一或多方案联合治疗瘢痕。本文将结合近年来最新文献对瘢痕预防和治疗作简要综述。

Traumatic lacerations and surgical incisions always result in inevitable scars. There are a large number of patients with scars following surgery or trauma. Management of scars is a complicate and systematic project. Before a surgery,incision design and standard suture protocol should be paid attention,then silicone products,corticosteroids and tension-free methods could be used to prevent scars,many therapeutic regimens such as topical scar therapies, intralesional scar therapies, physical therapies,surgeries,and autologous fat grafting are effective to relieve scar related symptoms and signs. This article provides an overview of currently approaches to prevent and manage scars.