对武术长拳运动项目的体能训练的分析研究(计划)

An Analysis and Study(Plan)on Stamina Training of Changquan Event in Wushu

武术长拳运动要求运动员具有快速起动、快速踢打和快速翻转、腾空等能力,因而所有动作的完成都要有一定的体能作为支撑,特别在高难度腾空动作上,如腾空外摆莲720°、旋风脚720°、旋子转体720°等对体能有更高的要求。武术长拳的体能训练是运动员成功完成动作演练的保障,长拳运动项目属技能主导类表现难美项群,对技术要求固然很高,但技能与体能的发展是相辅相成的,因为运动员每个动作的技能训练过程都是体能提高的过程,体能的提高又反过来促进技术动作的完成,保障了完成动作的规范性、准确性,因此对长拳项目运动员进行合理、科学、系统的体能训练是提高其竞技能力的保障。本文通过对长拳运动项目特征的分析,提出了科学、合理的体能训练和超量恢复方法,旨在为广大长拳教练员和运动员提供科学的体能训练方法和理论指导。

The sports event of changquan(long boxing) in wushu(martial arts) requires that athletes should have the abilities of quick start,quick kicking and beating,quick turning,flight,and so on.Thus,the completion of all movements needs certain stamina as support,especially in the highly difficult flight part,such as outward leg swing for 720 degrees in flight,whirlwind step for 720 degrees and spinning turn torso for 720 degrees in flight,which all have a higher demand on physical strength.Stamina training of changquan in wushu is a guarantee for athletes to successfully fulfill the movements in performance and practice.The sport of changquan belongs to the skill-oriented event group which displays difficult and beautiful movements.No doubt it has a rather high demand on techniques,but the development of techniques and that of stamina are complementary.As the technique training process of each movement is a process of improvement in stamina for an athlete,and in turn,the enhancement of physical strength will also promote the fulfillment of technical movements and ensure the standardization and accurateness of movement completion.Therefore,reasonable,scientific and systematic stamina training for changquan athletes is the guarantee of advancing their competitive abilities.Through an analysis of the event features of changquan,this paper puts forward scientific and reasonable methods of stamina training and over-recovery,aiming at providing scientific methods in stamina training and theoretical guidance for vast changquan trainers and athletes.