浅论杨式太极拳的慢与快

A Discussion on the Slowness and Fastness of Yang-Style Taijiquan

人们现在所熟知的杨式太极拳,如24式国家竞赛套路项目及49式、85式、103式等传统套路,这些基本都是属于健身与养生的慢架拳。除此以外,杨式太极拳还有74式、108式等以技击为主要内涵的快架拳。所谓慢架拳就是练内功的一种方法,而快架拳则是通过这个内功与对手进行技击的武器。慢架的五字诀是静、轻、慢、切、恒;而快架的五字诀是静、轻、灵、切、恒。这一字之差,慢架拳和快架拳就形成了鲜明的反差。那么,杨式太极拳的慢架拳与快架拳究竟是如何练出来的呢?具体一点说,练慢拳如何才能慢呢?练快拳又该如何才能快呢?本文便是笔者根据本人的粗浅体会简述杨式太极拳慢与快的问题。

The Yang-style taijiquan (a kind of traditional Chinese shadow boxing) known by people at present mainly belongs to slow frame boxing for fitness and health keeping, such as 24-form national competition routine event as well as 49-form, 85-form, 103-form and other traditional routines. In addition, Yang-style taijiquan also has 74-form, 108-form and other routines of fast frame boxing with the art of attack and defense as its main connotation. The so-called slow frame boxing is an exercise to practice and benefit the internal organs, while fast frame boxing is a weapon with which to combat with rivals through this internal strength. The five-character formula of slow frame boxing is being quiet, gentle, slow, cutting and lasting; and the five-character formula of fast frame boxing is being quiet, gentle, quick, cutting and lasting. The difference of only a single word makes slow frame boxing and fast frame boxing form a sharp contrast. Then, how on earth are slow frame boxing and fast frame boxing of Yang-style taijiquan practiced successfully? Specifically, how is slow boxing practiced to be slow? And how is fast boxing practiced to be fast? A description on the issue of the slowness and fastness of Yang-style taijiquan is written by the author according to my superficial understanding.