武术学科发展研究报告(2008～2011年) 竞技武术研究进展

RESEARCH REPORT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF WUSHU Research Progress of Competitive Wushu

2008-2011年是竞技武术研究的一个特殊阶段,由于未能如愿成为2008年北京奥运会的正式竞赛项目,为此学者们对竞技武术的奥运发展进行了必要的回顾与反思,同时研究的目光也不仅仅局限于竞技武术进入奥运会这一主要目标,研究领域不断拓展,呈现出多元化的趋势;随着科研条件和实验技术的进一步提高,竞技武术的研究方法日渐科学化和精细化;武术竞赛规则的研究日趋规范化和标准化;竞技武术理论研究逐步趋于理性化和辩证化。作为竞技武术两大主要运动形式的套路和散打,除具备以上四个竞技武术研究的总体特征之外,还凸显出各自的特点。在积极向奥林匹克竞技运动靠拢的同时,竞技武术套路研究更加注重对传统武术精华的吸收与表达;在市场经济条件下,探寻竞技武术套路多元化发展模式的研究日益凸显;增强技击性、竞技性和观赏性始终是竞技武术套路研究的热点;在竞技武术套路训练科学化领域,日渐加强对运动损伤、竞技能力和体能的研究。竞技武术散打研究日渐向科学化、纵深化发展;对竞技武术散打运动技术的生物力学分析成为研究的主流;对竞技武术散打运动损伤的生理生化分析成为研究的新趋势;对竞技武术散打运动员心理分析的研究上升到新高度。展望未来,竞技武术研究必将继续深入探讨或关注以下四个方面的课题:其一,积极探索与奥林匹克竞技规范相吻合的武术奥运竞赛新模式;其二,积极探索竞技武术套路市场化发展的新模式,实现竞技武术市场化发展的整体推进;其三,加强传统武术与竞技武术对接的研究,为竞技武术的可持续发展汲取养料,促进竞技武术与传统武术的和谐共融;其四,建立竞技武术科学化训练体系,借鉴现代体育学科的研究成果进一步提高竞技武术的训练水平。

2008-2011 is a special period for competitive Wushu study.After failing getting competitive Wushu being the official competition project of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games,scholars make a necessary review of the Competitive Wushu on its Olympic development.Attentions are not only fixed on making the Competitive Wushu becoming an Olympic sport,but also on the expansion of the research area;the study shows a trend of diversification.With the improvement of the research conditions and experimental techniques,the research methods of Wushu are becoming more scientific and accurate;the study on the rules of competitive Wushu is also becoming more scientific and standardized,besides,the theoretical research of Wushu gradually coming to rational and dialectical-based.As the two major forms of Competitive Wushu,Routine and Sanda (free boxing),have their own characteristics in addition to the four overall features of Competitive Wushu study.While trying to be part of the Olympic competition sports,competitive Wushu study pays more attention to the absorption and expression of the traditional Wushu essence.Under the condition of market-oriented economy,the study on exploring the diversity of Competitive Wushu has become increasingly prominent;enhance the defense,athletics and aestheticenjoyment has always been very popular in study of Wushu Routine.In the scientific area of Competitive Wushu training,the study on sports injuries,athletic abilities and physical abilities is strengthened.The study on Wushu Sanda has developed to be scientific and longitudinal;the analysis of biomechanics and physiological has become the mainstream and new trend while the psychological analysis of the athletes comes up to a new height.Looking to the future,the following four aspects will be continually discussed and should be deeply concerned.First,explore the new mode of Olympic competitive Wushu to match with the Olympic competitive standards.Second,explore the new mode of the Wushu Routine to achieve the whole promotion of Competitive Wushu's marketization.Third,enhance studies on the combination between Traditional and Competitive Wushu for the sustainable development of Competitive Wushu and promote the harmony between them.Fourth,set up the scientific training system of Competitive Wushu and learn from the research achievements of the modern athletic education to improve the training level of Competitive Wushu.