武术学科发展研究报告(2008～2011年)传统武术研究进展

RESEARCH REPORT ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF WUSHU Research Progress of Traditional Wushu

本文将2008-2011年传统武术研究类分为三大部分。第一,在传统武术历史研究中,从历史学视野研究了先秦、明清、民国武术和武术流派的发展;在武术文化研究中,从文化视野探讨了武术的文化特征、文化传播、器械文化、侠文化。第二,在地域武术研究中,以文化地理学之视角促进了地域武术研究;在太极拳研究中,从历史发展、文化形态、健身机理等视角推进了太极拳的研究;在少林武术研究中,以历史与文化视角深化了少林武术的研究。第三,在传统武术发展战略研究中,从当代发展的角度研究了传统武术国际化、教育化、竞技化发展的思路,从非物质文化遗产视角研究和探讨了传统武术的保护与发展。最后本文认为未来传统武术研究,在借鉴他国体育发展经验的同时,应坚持"中国中心观",保持"历史视角文化自觉与国际视角文化软实力"两条研究思路的合理张力,着力走出"传统武术的人类学研究、娱乐时代青少年化转型发展、老年化社会的老年化转型发展"三条研究新路径。

This essay classifies the research on traditional wushu(martial arts) from 2008 to 2011 into three categories.First of all,in the historical research of traditional wushu,some researches probe historically into the development of wushu schools in the pre-Qin(221-206 B.C.) period,the Ming Danasty(1368-1644),the Qing Dynasty(1644-1911) and the Republic of China period respectively,while others explore culturally into the cultural traits,cross-cultural communication,weapon culture and knighthood culture of wushu.Secondly,the study on regional wushu is promoted from a visual angle of cultural geography;the study on taijiquan(tai chi chuan,a kind of traditional Chinese shadow boxing) has been pushed on from visual angles of historical development,cultural patterns and fitness mechanism,and the study on Shaolin wushu has been deepened from visual angles of history and culture.Thirdly,researches on the developing strategies of traditional wushu concentrate on the internationalization,education reform and athletic development of wushu from an angle of contemporary development,thereby studying and discussing that traditional wushu should be protected and developed as an intangible cultural heritage.In the last part,the essay holds that the future research on traditional wushu,while drawing on other countries' experience of sports development as reference,should adhere to the principle of 'China-centered' view,retain the reasonable tensile forces in two research ideas of 'the cultural consciousness in a historical perspective and the soft power of culture in an international perspective',and put forth efforts in opening up three new paths of research 'on anthropological study of traditional wushu,on the transformation and development for juveniles in the entertainment era,and on the transformation and development for the aged in the aging society.