中西方武技比较与互鉴——以中国武术和西方拳击为例

A Comparison and Mutual Reference between Chinese and Western Martial Skills——Taking Chinese Wushu and Western Boxing as Examples

中国武术博大精深,源远流长,历经千年而不衰。它孕育于以儒家文化为主体的传统文化,并受释、道观念的影响,形成了中华武术门派林立,练法独特而又万法归一的特征。西方武技在西方天人相对、人定胜天思想影响下,表达了一种向上、向外扩张的气魄,彰显出一种刚健挺拔、傲然于物的刚毅与自信。本文通过对中西武技的拳理思想、技法原理等方面的比较研究,以及以西洋拳击为代表的体育精神对中华武术的影响(武技的西学东渐)来谈中西武技的交流与借鉴。

Chinese wushu (martial arts) is broad and profound with a long history, lasting for thousands of years without declination.Born in the traditional culture with Confucian culture as its main body and influenced by the Buddhist and Taoist concepts, wushu has demonstrated such characteristics as hundreds of schools, unique practicing techniques and unity of different approaches.Influenced by the western thoughts of heaven-man opposition and man's being able to conquer the nature, western martial skills express a boldness of vision that expand upward and outward to highlight a kind of resolution and confidence with vigorousness, forcefulness and pride.By a comparative research on the ideologies and technical principles of Chinese and western boxing theories as well as the influence of the sportsmanship represented by western boxing on Chinese wushu (western learning of martial skills spreading to the East), this article also discusses the exchanges and references of Chinese and western martial skills.