抽离、回转?——八极拳的当代传播

Pulling Away or Return?——Contemporary Spreading of Bajiquan

八极拳是传统武术中的一朵奇葩,其当代传播是传统武术传承、发展中的重要一环。通过文献资料法,对八极拳当代传播进行深入解读,并以此为孔径,旨在管窥传统武术的当下传播,并提供一定借鉴。研究认为,八极拳的当代传播呈现两种路径:一种是竞技化,其实质为抽离——以"创新"为论调,试图摆脱传统八极拳的旧框架,走竞技化道路;一种是传统化,实质是回转——以"推陈"为基调,重新回归传统,寻求文化本位,走传统武术发展之路。同时以马氏八极拳的传播为例阐释:传统武术在传继过程中,应更多回转,不应是抽离。

Bajiquan(eight-extreme boxing) is a beautiful flower in traditional wushu(martial art), and its contemporary spreading is an important part in the inheritance and development of traditional wushu. With literature and data method, this paper has an in-depth interpretation of the contemporary spreading of bajiquan. Taking this as an aperture, the paper aims at having a limited view of the contemporary spreading of traditional wushu and providing some reference. Studies suggest that the contemporary spreading of bajiquan shows two ways. One is competitiveness, whose essence is pulling away —— being keynoted of 'innovation', and it tries to get rid of the old framework of traditional bajiquan and goes along a road of competitiveness. The other is conventionalization, whose essence is return —— being keynoted of 'putting up the old', and it tries to return to traditions, seek for cultural standard and goes along a traditional road of wushu development. At the same time, the paper, by taking the spreading of Ma's bajiquan as an example, explains that traditional wushu should have more return rather than pulling away in the inheritance process.