太极拳运动对老年人肌力流失的干预研究

An Intervention Study on Elderly People's Loss of Muscle Strength with Taijiquan Exercise

目的:探讨太极拳对老年人肌力流失的预防效果。方法:随机选取烟台市区60-80岁的老年志愿者268名,在鲁东大学民族传统武术专业学生的指导下,进行了为期一年的太极拳练习,分别在实验前后对老年人正常步态和下肢三大关节等速肌力进行测试。结果:长期系统的太极拳运动能够提高老年人正常行走的稳定性:摆动腿的摆动幅度、大小腿相互折叠能力以及踝关节背屈能力都得到提高;同时也有效地提高下肢髋、膝、踝三大关节60°/s和180°/s常速及快速等动向心收缩屈伸肌群的相对峰值力矩。结论:系统长期的太极拳运动能够有效地预防老年人肌力流失,对预防老年人摔倒、提高老年人平衡能力、协调能力以及正常行走能力具有非常重要的意义。

Objective: To investigate the preventive effect on the loss of muscle strength of the elderly people with taijiquan(tai chi chuan, a kind of traditional Chinese shadow boxing) exercise. Method: Randomly selecting 268 aged volunteers who are 60-80 years old in the downtown area of Yantai City as the experimental objects, asking them to practice taijiquan for one year under the guidance of students from the specialty of traditional national wushu (martial arts) in Ludong University, and testing the normal gait and the isokinetic muscle strength of three major joints of the lower limbs before and after the experiment. Results: Systematic and long-term taijiquan exercise can improve the stability of old people in their normal walking. The amplitude of leg swing, the mutual folding ability between thighs and calves and the back-bending ability of ankle joints can all be elevated. At the same time, the relative peak torque of extensor muscle group of the hip joint, knee joint and ankle joint at 60°/s and 180°/s with constant and rapid isokinetic concentric contraction is also effectively enhanced. Conclusion: Systematic and long-term taijiquan exercise can effectively prevent the loss of muscle strength of the elderly people, which is of important significance of preventing old people from falling down while improving the balance ability, coordinate ability and normal walking ability of old people.