过度训练对女子散打运动员的生理影响——以武汉体育学院女子散打队为例

The Impact of Excessive Training on the Menstrual Cycle of Female Free Combat Athletes——Taking Women's' Free Combat Team in Wuhan Sports University as an Example

通过问卷调查法、文献资料法、面访座谈法、数理统计法,对武汉体院学院30名女子散打队从生理周期的角度分析和研究,过度训练对女性运动员机体造成的生理影响。从中发现,女运动员月经失调发生率较高,月经周期异常、经期异常、经量异常最常见。其中降体重、经期增加负荷、初潮前开始散打专业训练对生理周期的影响最大。为预防散打过度训练对女性运动员产生不良影响,提出女子散打运动员经期训练的注意事项、方法和训练安排等,为女子散打运动员经期训练提供理论依据。

By using questionnaire, literature review, interview and mathematical statistics, this paper analyzes and does research on the menstrual cycle of thirty female free combat athletes in Wuhan Sports University and discovers the impact of excessive training on their menstruation. It is found that menstrual disorder has a high occurrence rate among female athletes, which includes commonly the irregular menstrual cycle, abnormal menstrual period and volume. The female athletes, who reduce weight, increase training load during the period and start practice before their menarche are mostly affected. This paper, in order to avoid to the largest extent the adverse effect brought by excessive training, gives theoretical support by proposing the training notice, methods and arrangement for female free combat athletes during their period.