武举制废止的原因探析

An Exploration on the Reasons behind the Abolishment of Imperial Examination on Martial Arts

武举制曾在华夏文明系统中具有重要功能,于光绪二十七年(1901)被废止。本文运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法等方法,以制度经济学和文化学视角对武举制废止的原因进行研究,认为:新观念的产生以及新教育的兴起对武举制所依赖的根基产生了巨大冲击,使其功能逐步丧失,最终被学堂教育模式取代;考试费用的增加以及纳捐入仕的提倡,严重改变了民众心理选择,推动了武举的废止。

The Imperial Examination on Martial Arts, which was once important in Chinese civilization, was abolished in the 27 th year of Guangxu of the Qing Dynasty(1901). This paper, through literature review and logical analysis, studies on the reasons behind its abolishment from the aspect of institutional economics and culturology, and gives the following conclusions: on the one hand, the foundation of Imperial Examination on Martial Arts was challenged by new concept and school education mode which leaded to its lost in original function. On the other hand, the increase of examination fee and propaganda of paying tax to acquire official rank have changed citizens' opinions and promotes its abolishment.