粘类非1BL/1RS小麦雄性不育系恢复性遗传规律的研究

Inheritance on restoration performance of non-1BL/1RS male sterile line of NIAN type in wheat

系统考察了粘、易、偏和二角型4种异质非1BL/1RS小麦雄性不育系的育性恢复性,结果表明: 1 供试4种异质非1BL/1RS小麦雄性不育系均属易恢复、易保持不育类型; 2 以4种异质非1BL/1RS不育系为母本与同一父本或不同父本测交,其F1平均结实率与单株间结实率的变异系数呈显著负相关; 3 4种异质非1BL/1RS小麦雄性不育系,各自不育细胞质源对杂种F1的平均结实率影响程度不同,但不育胞质间恢复度差异不显著; 4 4种异质非1BL/1RS小麦雄性不育系,虽然育性载体相同,但粘、易型的育性位点、偏型育性位点和二角型育性位点各自在同一连锁群中的位置可能不同; 5 4种异质非1BL/1RS不育系和恢复系基因除主效育性基因外,亦在不同核型中存在有不等量的育性微效基因和抑制基因,其组成形式和杂交后的结合方式是粘类不育系育性恢复度高低的主要判别.

The fertility restoration performance of the 4 male sterile lines of alloplasmic non1BL/1RS wheat with Aegilops kotschyi,Ae.variabilis,Ae.ventricosa and Ae.bicornis cytoplasms were systematically investigated in this paper.The results are as follows:(1) The 4 male sterile lines of alloplasmic non1BL/1RS wheat tested are all belonged to the sterile type of both good restoration and fine maintenance performance.(2) When the 4 male sterile lines of alloplasmic non1BL/1RS wheat,as female parents,were test crossed with an identical male parent or many different male parents,there is significant negative correlation between the average seed set of F1 and the C.V.of the seed set among the single plant.(3) As for the 4 male sterile lines of alloplasmic non1BL/1RS wheat,their average seed set of F1 was influenced by its alloplasmic cytoplasm to some extent.But there is not significance of difference among different sterile cytoplasms.(4) Though the fertility carrier of the 4 male sterile lines of alloplasmic non1BL/1RS wheat is the same each other,the location of fertility loci in the same linkage group,besides the male sterile type with Ae.kotschyi,Ae.varibilis cytoplasms is identical,may be different respectively.(5) The some minor enhance gene and inhibiting gene of fertility,besides major fertility gene,are in the different karyotype of the male sterile lines and the restorer lines of 4 alloplasmic non1BL/1RS wheat.The forms constituted and combined of gene from different parent lines is important judgement index of the fertility restoring degree of NIAN type.