侧颅底塑化断层解剖及计算机辅助三维重建研究

Sectional anatomy and computer-assisted three-dimensional reconstruction of lateral skull base in normal

目的 :探讨侧颅底结构的断层解剖学特征 ,为此区域的病变和手术方法的选择提供解剖学依据。方法 :采用生物塑化技术制作三套冠状面侧颅底结构的薄层切片 ,观察测量各个层面上重要结构的位置、毗邻关系 ,并用计算机提取图像后进行三维重建。结果 :采用塑化技术制作的切片可以清晰显示侧颅底的骨质、肌肉、血管和神经等结构。侧颅底的结构可以通过上颌窦中部切面、咽鼓管咽口切面、卵圆孔切面、咽鼓管鼓口切面和内听道切面分别展示 ,通过计算机对正常人侧颅底区域塑化薄层连续切片进行信号标定、提取和三维重建 ,成功地获得了蝶窦、三叉神经及其分支、颈内动脉、咽鼓管的离体图像。结论 :薄层断面解剖可以准确定位侧颅底区域的重要结构及相互位置关系 ,三维重建图像形象逼真、准确 。

Objective:To investigate the sectional anatomy of lateral skull base in normal and provide data for diagnosis and selecting surgical approach of lesions of lateral skull base.Method:Three sets of coronal sections with plastination technique was made and investigated for the location?direction and mutual relationship in different section. Signals of some structures were extracted to reconstructed three dimensional image.Result:The section with plastinaton displayed distinct nerve?muscle?vessel?bone in lateral skull base. The structures of lateral skull base were described in five typical section: the maxillary sinus?pharyngeal orifice of pharyngotympanic duct? foramen ovale?tympanic orifice of pharyngotympanic duct?inner auditory meatus. The three dimesional images of sphenoid sinus?ethmoid sinus?trigeminal nerve?pharyngotympanic duct and inner carotid artery after extracted the signals in serial sections.Conclusion:Sectional anatomy with plastination contributed to understanding complicated anatomic structure including the location and mutual relationship, three dimensional image can vividly display the structure underlying lateral skull base surgery.