三维超声对胎儿躯干骨骼系统解剖结构的检测

Three-dimensional static maximum value translucent rendering ultrasound detecting fetal truncal bony structure

目的:探讨三维超声立体直观检测胎儿躯干骨骼的解剖形态和结构的方法。方法:采用静态最大透明回声成像模式,对206例胎儿躯干骨骼的外表形态和解剖结构进行三维重建,以直接显示胎儿躯干骨骼的外表结构特征和相互解剖关系。结果:在妊娠14～28周中,完全可以建立完整的不同角度的躯干三维图像,在妊娠29周后,可以循序分段建立胎儿躯干的部分三维图像,三维成像率达100%。以孕24～32周为合适的胎儿躯干骨骼系统完整三维重建成像时机。重建的胎儿躯干各骨骼形态直观、清晰、层次分明;重建的脊柱、肋骨及其紧邻的锁骨、肩胛骨的连接关系、定位走向明朗清晰。206例孕妇中,无一例躯干骨骼的异常记录。结论:三维超声能全面直观、形象生动地显示胎儿躯干及其毗邻骨骼的生长发育状况、解剖形态和相互关系,对躯干骨骼疾病的形态表达和空间定位诊断优于二维超声。

Objective:To detect the structure of fetal trunk and adjacent bones by three-dimensional ultrasound(3DU)technique.Methods:Two hundred and six fetal cases were examined by3DU,the images were reconstructed by means of static maximum translucent value rendering mode.The gestational age ranged from14to40weeks.Results:Between the ges-tational age of 14to28weeks,the total fetal trunk bone's formation and structure could be expressed clearly in different an-gles.After29week of gestation,part of the fetal truncal bone's formation and structure still be reconstructed in proper se-quence with3D image in100%successful rate.The best time to form a3D picture is at fetal age ranged from24to32gestational weeks when an integrated fetal trunk bone structure can be viewed easily.In which the reconstructed3D image of fetal trunk bones including vetebral column ,ribs,clavicles,scapulas,and their positional relationship are all displayed vividly.Conclusion:3DU supplied more details and comprehensive information of fetal trunk and the adjacent bones.The values on the impression of abnormal position and formation are much better than two dimensional ultrasound.Further studies including the imaging of fetal sternum and the soft ribs are needed.