普通话技能的农户减贫效应研究——基于西部民族地区经济社会的调查

A Study on the Role of Mandarin Skill in Reducing Poverty of Rural Farm Households:Evidence from the Survey of Western Minority Area

本文利用西部民族地区经济社会调查数据,在区分绝对贫困和相对贫困的基础上,检验了普通话技能的农户减贫效应。结果表明,普通话口语沟通能力和中文读写能力能够在西部民族地区发挥农户减贫效应。不过这种减贫效应因地区差异而有明显的异质性:相较于汉族地区,普通话技能在少数民族地区发挥的农户减贫效应更大。进一步地,我们识别出了普通话技能对农户减贫的作用机制,即普通话技能有助于农户提高本地非农务工的概率,增加信息搜寻的渠道,从而促进减贫效应的发挥。通过一系列稳健性检验处理内生性问题后,上述结论仍然稳健。

Using data from economic and social survey of western minority area,and distinguishing the concept of absolute poverty and relative poverty,this paper tests that if the mandarin skill could play a role of effective strategy in reducing poverty.the results show that oral communication skills in mandarin and Chinese literacy can play a role in reducing rural farm households’poverty in the western minority area.However,the effect of poverty alleviation is significant heterogeneity with different regions:Compare with Han area,mandarin skill can play a more significant role in reducing rural farm households’poverty in ethnic minority areas.Furthermore,we have identified the mechanism of mandarins skill in reducing poverty of rural farm households,that is to say,mandarins skill can significantly increase the probability of farmers getting a local nonfarm job and the information search channels for the farmers,and sequentially promote poverty alleviation.Through a series of robust tests,the above research conclusions are still robust.