基于因子分析的教师素质评价研究

Evaluation of Teachers' Quality Based on Factor Analysis

阐述了因子分析的基本概念和统计原理,采用问卷调查法对87名教师进行抽样调查,初步了解当前教师的素质状况。利用因子分析法从可行性分析、因子提取、变量解释、因子得分4个角度对衡量教师素质的12个因素加以分析,结果显示特征值大于1的因子有4个,其特征值分别为:3.073、2.195、2.094、1.592,累计方差贡献率超过80%,选取这4个因子作为替代解释指标,通过对因子载荷矩阵进行分析,得到因子变量和原有变量之间的关系,使因子变量更具有可解释性,将提取的因子变量分别命名为通用能力、职业能力、知识水平和意识结构。利用因子得分系数矩阵,得出各公因子得分的表达式,并以每个因子的方差贡献率作为权重建立综合得分模型,依此模型计算教师综合得分值,对每个教师的素质进行综合评价。综合评价发现,当前教师的综合素质仍有很大的提高空间。从拓展能力结构、深化知识结构和内化意识结构3个层面对提高教师的素质进行综合论述。

The basic concepts and statistical principles of factor analysis were described,and questionnaires were used to survey 87 teachers for their current situation of teachers' quality.By using factor analysis method from the feasibility analysis,the factor extraction,the variable explained,and the factor scores to measure teachers' quality of 12 factors,the results showed that there were four factors' eigenvalues greater than 1with its characteristic values:3.073,2.195,2.094,1.592.The cumulative variance contribution rate exceeded 80%.Then the four factors were selected as an alternative explanation index,and the analysis of the component matrix prooluced the relationship between the factors and the original variables,so that the factor variable was more explanatory,and the factor variables extracted were respectively named the general ability,vocational ability,knowledge level and structure of consciousness.And factor score coefficient matrix was used to obtain the expression of the common factor score,and the variance contribution of each factor rate was used as the weight established comprehensive score model.According to this model,teachers' comprehensive scores were calculated to evaluate the quality of every teacher.After comprehensive evaluation we found that the quality of the teachers still have a lot of improvement space.The paper finally discussed teachers' quality improvement comprehensively from the expansion of the ability structure,deepening the knowledge structure and internalized consciousness structure.