西学文本与东方的相遇:东西方思想早期接触中的碰撞与融合

Encounter of the Western Texts and the East:Conflict and Reonciliation of the Sino-Westren Contact in Early Times

众所周知,从古代到中世纪逐渐形成的基督教的思考方法,经过文艺复兴运动以及宗教改革运动的严重冲击后,企图在耶稣会那里得到重新构建的机会,而耶稣会这一天主教内部的宗教改革运动的主导者的思想资源,又经过沙勿略使徒般的宗教虔诚传播到了日本和中国。然而,并非所有散播于亚洲的西方学说都能够被当地人所理解。耶稣会士大多接受的是以中世纪托马斯·阿奎那神学为中心的后经院时期的哲学与神学。同时,为了传播西方学说,耶稣会在日本和中国编纂了许多参考书籍,实现了西方思想与东方思想的早期接触。

this essay investigates the diverse dimensions of the theory of Soul in the context of communication between China,Japan and Europe in the late Ming Dynasty. Using newly discovered historical materials, and comparing the works of Alessandro Valignano, Petro Gomes, Matteo Ricci and Fukansai Habian, the paper argues that the three later missionaries worked under the influence of Alessandro Valignano’s thought and strategy,demonstrating the existence of God in a rational way. Alessandro Valignano’s Catechismus, Petro Gomes’ s Compendia,Fukansai Habian’s Myotei mondo and Matteo Ricci’s Tianzhu Shi yi also take the will as an important function of the soul,because the will is related to the ethics,which reflects the essence of the spirituality in East Asian culture, Each of the works embody Alessandro Valignano’s strategy of accommodation, in an attempt to reconcile Eastern and Western cultures.