水稻卷叶半不育突变体的鉴定及初步遗传分析

Identification and Preliminary Genetic Analysis of a Leaf-rolling and Semi-sterile Mutant in Rice

利用EMS诱变获得一个武运粳21背景下稳定的卷叶半不育突变体rlms1。与野生型相比,突变体结实率极显著降低,只有40.6%,呈现半不育;株高极显著降低,籽粒宽度显著变窄,叶片卷曲度极显著增大;在叶片卷曲处,突变体的泡状细胞数量减少、体积减小,叶肉细胞排列紊乱,且厚壁细胞数量更多,导致叶片向内卷曲;突变体花粉可染率仅为70.4%,低于野生型的96.7%;遗传分析表明,卷叶半不育突变性状受1对隐性核基因控制。研究结果为该突变体的基因克隆和功能分析奠定了基础,为水稻株型改良提供了新的资源。

A stable leaf-rolling and semi-sterile mutant rlms1 was obtained by EMS mutagenesis in the background of Wuyunjing 21.Compared with the wild type,the mutant decreased very significantly in seed-setting rate(partially male sterile with only 40.6%of seed-setting rate)and plant height,decreased significantly in grain width,but increased very significantly in leaf-rolling index at the curling place of a leaf blade,the number and volume of vesicular cells of the mutant decreased obviously,the arrangement of mesophyll cells was disorderly,and the number of sclerenchymatous cells was larger,leading to the inward curling of leaf.In addition,the normal pollen rate of the mutant was only 70.4%,greatly lower than that of the wild type(96.7%).Genetic analysis showed that the leaf-rolling and semi-sterile trait was controlled by a pair of recessive nuclear genes.The results of this study laid a foundation for the gene cloning and functional analysis of the mutant and provided a new resource for the improvement of rice plant type.