我国选举中的“另选他人”制度及其完善

Research on the Write–in Vote in Election System of China

选举权具有主观和客观双重属性,主观上选举权的根本目的是保障公民的自由意识表达,客观上选举权则要求国家通过一系列制度设计,确保选举权利有实现的可能。"另选他人"的制度设计是基于候选人制度对公民意志表达的限制而出现的补充性设计。我国选举规范体系中对于"另选他人"的规定具有法定权利性、范围广泛性和行权简易性的特征。但是这项制度与我国的候选人提名制度、候选人公开制度需进一步衔接。人大代表从事的选举和选民直接参与的选举中能否"另选他人"也应当区别对待,为了更好地发挥"另选他人"对于保障选举权实现的功能,还需要在制度设计中予以改进。

The right of election has both subjective and objective attributes.The fundamental purpose of the right of election,subjectively,is to protect citizens’freedom of consciousness,when the objective aspect required the government to contribute several systems ensuring the possibility of the realization of the right.Write-in vote is a complementary system that opposite the system of nominating candidates which restricting the freedom of selection by citizens.The write-in vote in Chinese normative system of election has the characteristics of legality,wide scope and simplicity of execution.However,the write-in vote has a certain contradiction with the system of candidate,and should be different from direct election to indirect election.In order to make better use of the function of write-in vote for the realization of the right of election,it also needs to be improved in electoral system.