巴西私立高等教育质量提升路径及对我国的启示

Path for Improving the Quality of Private Higher Education in Brazil and Its Enlightenment to China

巴西高等教育存在公立和私立两种办学模式。随着经济的发展,社会需要众多高学历人才,但"小而精"的公立高校提供的教育资源有限。为满足人们迫切的教育需求,巴西政府为私立高等教育提供了宽松的办学环境。私立高校早期重在数量扩张,以加快发展进程。现阶段重在提升教育质量,以优质私立高校为引导,提高社会效益;健全教育经费保障机制,提高生源质量;完善教师管理制度,提高师资队伍素质及实施特色评估体系,并取得突出发展成效。我国民办高等教育可以借鉴其发展经验,积极拓展融资渠道,加强教师招聘和培训,重视教育评估,从而打造一批高水平、有特色的民办高校。

Brazil has both public and private higher education. With the economic development,the society needs more highly educated talents,but the educational resources provided by the'small but excellent'public universities are limited. In order to meet the urgent educational needs of the public,the Brazilian government provides a relaxed educational environment for private higher education. Private universities focused on the expansion in the early stage to accelerate the development process. At current stage,they aim at improving the quality of education and guiding high-quality private universities to improve social benefits;improving the education funding guarantee mechanism and the quality of students;enhancing the teacher management system and the quality of the teaching staff,implementing the characteristic evaluation system,and achieving outstanding development results. Non-governmental higher education in China can learn from its development experience,actively expand financing channels,strengthen teacher recruitment and training,and attach importance to education evaluation,to create a number of high standard characteristic non-governmental institutions of higher learning.