中美民办(私立)高等教育财政政策比较

Comparison of Chinese and American Non-governmental(Private) Higher Education Fiscal Policies

教育财政政策是影响民办高校有效运作的重要因素。美国私立高等教育财政政策源远流长,不仅推动了私立高校的崛起与兴盛、提高了教育水平,也为社会培养人才、增加教育附加值作出了巨大贡献。相较而言,我国民办高等教育财政政策实施晚、发展快。通过比较两国民办(私立)高等教育财政政策,分析中国民办高校财政政策面临的现实问题和努力方向,提出应通过完善顶层设计、保障公平竞争、加大扶持力度和创新帮扶方式等途径,建立健全民办高等教育资助体系,支持优质民办高等教育进一步做大做强。

Educational fiscal policy is an important factor affecting the effective operation of non-governmental institutions of higher learning. Fiscal policy of private higher education in America has a long history, which not only promotes the rise and prosperity of private universities, improves the level of education, but also contributes greatly to the cultivation of talents and the added value of education. The implementation of the financial support policy in China was quite late but with fast development. Through the comparison of the Chinese and American non-governmental(private) higher education policies, this paper analyzes the encountered practical fiscal problems and striving direction by non-governmental institutions of higher learning in China. It proposes to establish and improve the subsidy system for non-governmental higher education, and support its high-quality development through improving top-level design, guaranteeing fair competition, increasing support and innovating ways to help.