Mg-Al/PTFE混合物的爆炸性质

Explosive Properties of the Mg-Al/PTFE Composition

此研究的主题是关于包含微小颗粒的镁铝合金(PAM)与高度分散的聚四氟乙烯的混合物烟火药的爆炸性质。该混合物显示出时机械冲击和热作用的很明显的钝感,但对明火和火花的极度的敏感。此混合物的燃烧速率随着密度的减少而增加,最小为1cm/s、最大为100m/s。当装药密度小于1 g/cm3时,混合物发生非常激烈的燃烧,现象甚至与爆轰类似。,当装药密度在1.1g/cm3以上时,混合物能够稳定燃烧。本论文主要就松装密度下的混合物以高速率燃烧时空气中产生的压力冲击进行了研究。该压力冲击不同于典型的冲击波,波阵面压力从爆炸中心点刘最大距离可持续50~100ms,而典型的冲击波在等量装药时一般小于1ms。合成物的起爆方式会影响压力冲击的形状和参数。已经有人提出了对于该合成物燃烧速率的巨大变化的合理解释,在该文献中所述的效果,均使用来自具有耐爆炸性的工业门和窗户的评价。

The object of the research are explosive properities of the pyrotechnic composite consist of fine grade magnesium-aluminium powder(PAM)and highly dispersed PTFE.The composite reveals high resisiance to all mechanical and thermal impulses and is extremelv sensitive to hot sparks and open fire.The burning rate of the composition changes from 1cm/s to 100m/s along with decreasing its density.Charges of the composition with density below 1g/cm-3 bum so violently,that the phenomenona is similar to explosion.Charge with density above 1.1g/cm-3 burn relatively rapidly and stably.The main part of the paper concerns the pressure impulses in the air generated during high-rate burning of the composition of bulk density.The nature of the generated pressure impulse is not that of a typical shock wave.A rise of pressure over the distance from the point of explosion to the maximum value lasts 50-100 milliseconds.while for shock waves this factor is less than a microsecond for equivalent charges.The methods of initiation of the composition influence the shape and parameters of the pressure impuse.The explanation of the nature of great changes of the composition burnning rate has been proposed.The effect described in the paper was used for evaluation of explosive pressure resistance of industrial doors and windows.