新型球囊限位器胸管应用于气胸胸腔闭式引流的疗效观察

Clinical application and efficacy of a new kind of chest tube with special balloon and stopper

目的:总结和分析我院自行研制的新型球囊限位器胸管在临床胸腔闭式引流术中的应用及疗效。方法:选择我院收治的自发性气胸患者32例,外伤性气胸患者80例,随机分为4组,每组28例,分别使用新型球囊限位器胸管、硅胶胸管、双腔导尿管及中心静脉导管行胸腔闭式引流术治疗,分析并比较不同引流管的疗效及并发症情况。结果:新型胸管组手术操作时间为(11.1±1.8)min,硅胶胸管组为(20.7±3.9)min,双腔导尿管组为(20.3±3.5)min,中心静脉导管组为(11.9±2.0)min。新型胸管组治愈时间为(5.8±2.2)d,硅胶胸管组为(8.1±5.4)d,双腔导尿管组为(7.7±5.9)d,中心静脉导管组为(8.0±4.6)d。硅胶胸管组皮下气肿、管端滑出胸腔、管腔堵塞和肺修补手术例数分别为12、4、0、4例,双腔导尿管组为3、1、2、5例,中心静脉导管组为5、4、5、7例,而新型胸管组只有3例患者需行肺修补术,未发生皮下气肿、管端滑出及管腔堵塞。新型胸管组与其他组相比,多个上述相应指标间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:使用新型球囊限位器胸管行胸腔闭式引流术具有操作简便、快捷、无须缝线固定等优点,其滑脱、堵管及皮下气肿等并发症较少。

Objective:To summarize and analyze the clinical effect of a new kind of chest tube with special balloon and stopper on pneumothorax.Methods:A total of 32 patients with spontaneous pneumothorax and 80 patients with trauma pneumothorax were randomly divided into four groups of closed pleural drainages including group A,treated with the new chest tube;group B,treated with ordinary tube;group C,treated with double airbag closed pleural drainage and group D,treated with small central venous catheter with side holes.The effect and complications were observed.Results:The operating time (min) of group A to D were 11.1 ± 1.8,20.7 ± 3.9,20.3 ± 3.5,11.9 ± 2.0.The recover days of group A to D were 5.8 ± 2.2,8.1 ± 5.4,7.7 ± 5.9,8.0 ±4.6.According to subcutaneous emphysema,tube end skidded off the chest,catheter blocking and lung repair surgery,there were 0 case,0 case,0 case,and 3 cases in group A ; 12 cases,4 cases,0 case,and 4 cases in group B ;3 cases,1 case,2 cases,and 5 cases in group C ; 5 cases,4 cases,5 cases,and 7 cases in group D.Compared to the index of other groups,some corresponding indexes of group A were statistically significant difference (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion:It was less complication to treat pneumothorax with new type of chest tube with special balloon and stopper.