东周时期的社会理想学说

The Theory on Social Ideal in Eastern Zhou Dynasty

中国古代的社会理想学说最早出现在东周时期。它们表现了身处春秋战国时代在连绵不断的兼并战争煎熬之下的人们对美好社会的向往。这些社会理想学说包括《礼记》憧憬的"大同"社会、孟子追求的"仁政"理想、老子神往的"小国寡民"社会、庄子追慕的"至德之世"、尉缭子羡慕的"天下一家""共寒共饥"社会、《吕氏春秋》崇尚的"至公"社会、《六韬》描述的"天下与共、同利同乐"社会。这些学说有一个共同点,即都期盼理想社会统治者出以公心,人与人相亲相爱,社会成员实现财富共享,从而保证社会安康和谐。这与西方思想家提出的以"无私""共产"为特征的社会主义学说存有相通之处,是当下"中国梦"蓝图参考、吸收的宝贵思想资源。

Chinese ancient social ideals theory first appeared in the Eastern Zhou dynasty. They show the longing for a better society of people suffering continuous war in the Warring States era. These doctrines include'Datong'visioned by Book,Benevolence pursued by Mencius,'A small Utopian society'longed by Lao-tse,'D's World'pursued by Zhuang zi,'One World'craved by Mr. Yuchi,'Catholic society'advocated in Lushi-chunqiu. 'Sharing the world together and enjoying mutual benefit. 'designed by Six Secret Teachings. These doctrines have one thing in common: the rulers of the ideal society are expected to have the public mind,people loving each other and members of the community achieving wealth sharing,so as to ensure the social well-being and harmony. They share similarities with western socialist doctrines laying emphasis on 'selfless'and 'communism'. Nowadays,the Chinese Dream can absorb many valuable and thoughtful resources from them.