STEM教育核心理念与科技馆教育活动的结合和启示

The Combination and Enlightenment of the Core Ideas of STEM Education and the Educational Activities in Science Centers

STEM教育强调以核心概念为主线,实现科学与工程实践、跨学科概念和核心概念三者之间的紧密整合。这与科技馆"以互动体验和动态演示型展品为主要载体,通过多样化的教育活动进行科学教育和科学传播"的功能具有较多吻合之处。本文从STEM教育核心理念和特点入手,深入分析科技馆教育活动与STEM教育的融合之处,重点研究STEM课程的设计流程,着重分析"科学实践"主题的提取和选择、"跨学科概念"和"核心概念"的梳理、基于实践的建构主义教学设计以及学习评价四个环节,并结合STEM课程案例"建设我的月球基地"对具体流程进行对应分析和解读,最后从以上四个重点环节对科技馆STEM教育活动的开发设计提出相关建议。

STEM education emphasizes the three important dimensions including science and engineering practice,the interdisciplinary concepts and core concepts. Science centers,as informal science education institutions,take some interactive and dynamic exhibits as the main carrier in order to develop the functions of science education and science communication through a variety of educational activities. This paper starts with the core ideas of STEM education and their characteristics,analyzes the fusions between STEM education and educational activities in science centers,and then proposes the special process for designing STEM courses,such as how to extract some 'scientific practice'theme,how to select 'interdisciplinary concept ' and 'core concept ', and how to design the practice of constructivism teaching and learning assessment. There is a case study with 'the construction of my moon base ' STEM course in the paper which puts forward some corresponding suggestions and improvement for STEM educational acclivities in science centers in the final part.