非正式环境中科学学习的生态学视角与学习框架——《非正式环境中的科学学习:人、场所与活动》导读

The Ecological Framework and Strands of Informal Science Learning——Learning Science in Informal Environments:People,Places,and Pursuits

非正式环境中的科学学习,在目的、发生方式上与课堂教学存在相似也有很多不同。理解非正式环境中科学学习的本质,是设计、开发和评价博物馆教育项目的基础。美国国家研究理事会组织成立的非正式环境下科学学习项目委员会梳理了美国近20年在该领域的研究,出版《非正式环境中的科学学习:人、场所与活动》,用大量实证研究反映出非正式科学学习的特征、结果和研究方法。本文汲取其中生态学视角和学习框架两个方面对该书做一个导读。

Science learning in informal setting share commons and differences with classroom education.Understanding the nature of informal science learning is the foundation of design,development and evaluation for museum education program. The Committee on Learning Science in Informal Environments established by National Research Council reviewed this field in the past 20 years,published Learning Science in Informal Environments: People,Places,and Pursuits. This book gives the characteristics,outcomes and methodologies of informal science learning with massive evidence based researches. This paper intends to provide a reading guidance from the ecological perspective and science learning framework.