从中美科学课程的差异谈科技博物馆科学教育的对策与思路

Some Thoughts and Countermeasures on Science Education in Science and Technology Museums Based on Differences between China and the United States towards Science Curriculum Standards

自2011年美国颁布《K-12科学教育框架》提出STEM教育以来,越来越多的科技博物馆尝试探索基于本馆资源开展STEM教育。随着2017年1月《小学科学课程标准》的公布,我国在小学阶段对于STEM教育有了自己的标准与参考。但应该清楚地认识到,我国科学课程标准与美国科学教育标准从定位到内容都存在现实差异。本文试图从比较中美课程的差异中解读出不同的理念与方向,以寻求更适合在我国科技博物馆开展科学教育的新模式。

Since the United States enacted the 'K-12 science education framework'and proposed the STEM education in 2011,more and more museums have focused and tried to explore the STEM education based on their own resources. As China announced the 'primary school science curriculum standards'in January 2017,the primary schools of China have their own standards and references on the STEM education. However,we should be aware that the role and content of science curriculum standards are different between China and US due to their unique education system. This paper tried to compare the different concepts and orientation from the science curriculums of China and US to seek new patterns of science education which are suitable in science and technology museums.