淮北临涣采煤沉陷区水域水体污染源解析

Pollutions source apportionment of Linhuan coal mining subsidence water area from Huaibei Coalfield

在采煤沉陷区水资源管理与污染控制研究过程中,水质特征的分析与评价具有重要意义.选择淮北临涣采煤沉陷水域5个功能区(A、B、C、D、E区)作为研究对象,应用综合水质标识指数法对其2014年丰水期、枯水期水污染特征进行了分析和评价,并利用主成分分析法对研究区污染源进行了分析.结果表明:(1)主要污染物为总氮、总磷、重铬酸盐指数,水体具有富营养化风险;(2)不同功能区的综合水质评价结果显示,丰水期:E区(4.240 9)>D区(4.130 9)>C区(4.040 9)>B区(3.940 9)>A区(3.630 9),枯水期:E区(4.330 9)=D区(4.330 9)>C区(4.020 9)>B区(3.920 9)>A区(3.620 9);(3)污染源分析结果表明,污染源主要来自居民生活、工业、煤矿和农业生产,从丰水期到枯水期,污染源基本呈现从点源向非点源过渡的规律.

The analysis and assessment of water quality characteristic are of great significance in the research process of water resource management and pollution control of coal mining subsidence area.Five functional areas(A,B,C,D and E)in subsidence area of the Linhuan industrial park in the Huaibei Coalfield were selected to analyze and evaluate the water pollution characteristic of wet season and dry season in 2014 using comprehensive water quality identification index method. Moreover,principlecomponent analysis was applied to identify pollution sources.The results showed that:(1) The dominant pollutants were total nitrogen,total phosphorus and dichromate index,indicating a risk of eutrophication of water;(2) The comprehensive water quality identification index of different functional areas showed that E(4.240 9)>D(4.130 9)>C(4.040 9)>B(3.940 9)>A(3.630 9)in wet season,and E(4.330 9)=D(4.330 9)>C(4.020 9)>B(3.920 9)>A(3.620 9)in dry season.(3) The pollution in this study area derived mainly from resident activity,coal,chemical factory,and agriculture.These pollution sources shifted from point sources in wet season to non-point sources in dry season.