实施公共资助科研项目研究数据开放共享的政策建议

Policy Recommendations for Public Sharing of Research Data from Publicly Funded Research Projects

科研数据开放共享已成为国际科研资助机构的共同要求,相应的技术条件已经基本具备,但事实上在很大程度上仍处于"都喜欢但很少做"状态。作者利用新制度经济学原理,从复杂环境下多元利益相关者的利益调适角度考虑开放共享政策,提出要分类管理、利益驱动、推拉结合、多措并举、精准施策,构造统筹协调的科研数据开放共享的良性生态体系。作者针对资助机构、受资助者、资助依托机构、学术团体、数据共享平台、数据使用者等提出具体政策建议。

Public sharing of research data(data sharing)is now the common drive from research funders world-wide,and the technical supports needed are basically in place.However,data sharing is still to a large degree that most like it but few does it.The author utilizes the pringciples of the New Institutional Economics,economics,explores the framework of the data sharing policy as a rights adjustment mechanism for multiple stakeholders under a complex gaming system.The author develops detailed requirements for the policy to be differentiating according to varying needs,attending to interests of those involved,combined with encouraging and discouraging pushes,implemented with multiple measures affecting various stakeholders with focused targeting effects,for building a coordinated,positive,and sustainable data sharing ecosystem.The author then outlines the policy recommendations for funders,funded researchers,funded institutions,learned societies,data sharing centers,data users.